Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi, commonly known as Rhazes (c. 854–925), was a Persian polymath, physician, philosopher, and alchemist who made significant contributions to medicine, chemistry, and philosophy during the Islamic Golden Age. Born in Ray, Iran, Rhazes authored numerous medical texts, including the comprehensive “Kitab al-Hawi fi al-tibb” (Comprehensive Book on Medicine), which…
James Dewey Watson, born in 1928, is an American molecular biologist and geneticist who co-discovered the double helix structure of DNA in 1953 alongside Francis Crick. This landmark discovery, crucially informed by Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray diffraction images, provided profound insights into the molecular mechanisms of heredity, revolutionizing biology and medicine. For their work, Watson, Crick,…
Francis Crick (1916–2004) was an eminent British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, most renowned for co-discovering the structure of DNA in 1953 with James Watson, based on Rosalind Franklin’s critical X-ray diffraction images. This monumental achievement laid the foundation for modern molecular biology and genetics. Crick and Watson’s identification of the double helix structure as…
