James Dewey Watson, born in 1928, is an American molecular biologist and geneticist who co-discovered the double helix structure of DNA in 1953 alongside Francis Crick. This landmark discovery, crucially informed by Rosalind Franklin’s X-ray diffraction images, provided profound insights into the molecular mechanisms of heredity, revolutionizing biology and medicine. For their work, Watson, Crick,…
Francis Crick (1916–2004) was an eminent British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, most renowned for co-discovering the structure of DNA in 1953 with James Watson, based on Rosalind Franklin’s critical X-ray diffraction images. This monumental achievement laid the foundation for modern molecular biology and genetics. Crick and Watson’s identification of the double helix structure as…
Edmond H. Fischer (1920–2021) was a Swiss-American biochemist renowned for his pioneering research in the field of protein phosphorylation and cellular signaling. Born in Shanghai, China, Fischer earned his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Geneva before moving to the United States to pursue his research career. Fischer’s most notable achievement came in collaboration…
William Harvey, an English physician born in 1578, revolutionized medical science with his detailed analysis of the circulatory system. His seminal work, “De Motu Cordis” (1628), introduced the then-radical theory that blood circulates continuously around the body, pumped by the heart through arteries and veins. This challenged the centuries-old misconceptions based on Galenic physiology, which…
