Karl Landsteiner (1868–1943) was an Austrian-American immunologist and pathologist renowned for his pioneering work in blood typing and the discovery of blood groups. Born in Vienna, Landsteiner studied medicine at the University of Vienna, where he later became a professor.

Karl Landsteiner Quotes

1. “It is very kind of you to consider the possibility of my working in Pasadena, an idea which certainly is attractive, especially since it would hold out the prospect of your cooperation or advice.”
— Karl Landsteiner

2. “Owing to the difficulty of dealing with substances of high molecular weight we are still a long way from having determined the chemical characteristics and the constitution of proteins, which are regarded as the principal con-stituents of living organisms.”
— Karl Landsteiner

In 1901, Landsteiner made his groundbreaking discovery while investigating why blood transfusions sometimes caused fatal reactions. He identified the ABO blood group system, demonstrating that blood could be categorized into different types based on the presence or absence of specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells.

Landsteiner’s discovery revolutionized blood transfusion practices, making them safer and more effective. For his contributions to immunology and medicine, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1930.

Landsteiner’s work laid the foundation for the field of blood transfusion and transplantation, saving countless lives and significantly advancing medical science. His discoveries continue to have a profound impact on healthcare worldwide.